Process of and apparatus for cutting compound metal articles.



J. P. MONNOT; PROCESS OF AND APPARATUS FOR CUTTING COMPOUND METALARTICLES.

' APPLICATION FILED MAR. 2, 1906.

Patented Oct. 18, 1910.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

- V WITNESSES INVENTOR Mon it,

J KMQLX swam ATTORNEYS JQHN FEREEQL EZIQHNOT, OF NEW YURK,

N. r, assronon T0 nUrLnxMErALs ooM EANY, OF NEW YORK, 2%. Y., ACORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PROCESS 0F AND APPARATUS F03 CUTTING COMPOUND META]: ARTICLES.

erases,

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Get. 18, 1910,

Application filed Watch 2, 1906. Eterial Ho; 303,916.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, JOHN FnRREoL Mon- No'r,.a citizen of the UnitedStates, residin at New York in the county of New Yor and State of hlewYork,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes ofand Apparatus for Cutting Compound Metal Articles; and I do herebydeclare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of thesame, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which itappertains to make and use the same.

My invention relates to processes of and apparatus for severing orcutting compound metal articles comprising a base of one metal and acovering or coating of an unlike metal Welded thereto, said apparatusbeing' designed not merely to sever or out 0 plates and other articlesof compound metal such as specified, but also to draw the coating overthe severed edges so as to protect the same.

My invention consists in severing means comprising one or more blunt orobtunded tools (using the term obtunded as distindiately before the basemetal below it is acted upon by the tool gas would be the case if sharpor cutting too s were used), but to the contrary the coating remainsintact until the plate or other object is very nearly severed, beingdrawn down over the edge as the operation goes on, so that the coatingis not severed until at-or very near the very last; and my inventionalso consistsin the described process or method of severing the compoundarticles and drawin the coating over the severed edge. In the ollowidescription I shall at various times spea of the severing of plates andthe like by these obtunded tools as a cutting of the plate or or otherobject to reduce it to a desired shape or thicknem; the term cutting -being then used in its broadest sense, in which it doesnot necessarilyimply the action of what are commonly called cutting tools.

My invention consists further in a succession of such blunt or obtundedtools arranged to efl'ect the cutting oif in successive stages; in meansfor compacting the layer or layers of the coating metal on the cut edge;andin other features of invention more fully hereinafter set forth andpointed out in the claims.

Compound metals such as are referred to above, comprisea core or base ofone metal (which is, usually a relatively strong and cheap metal, suchas iron or steel), and a covering or coatin for one or both surfaces ofsuch core or base metal of an unlike metal (usually one which is weaker,but

is relatively little sub'ect to chemical attack.

The coating, being ense, impervious, and welded to the core or base atall points, effectively prevents chemical attack of such base. .Anexample of a compound metal such as referred to is ametal comprising abase of steel, either soft or hard, and a coating welded thereto ofcopper, aluminum, aluminimum bronze, the various alloys termed bronzegenerically, brass, silver, etc. Compound metals such as referred to maybe roduced by the process described in my etters Patent Nos. 851,684,dated April 30th, 1907 and 853,716 dated May 14th, 1907, and in myapplication Sr. No. 281,680. One of the prime objects of the coatingbeing to protect the base or core from chemical attack, it is highly imortant that when form ing articles from s e'ets, bars, tubes or the likeof such metals, the coating shall be drawn over the edges of the articleformed, so as to protect said edges as well as the faces of the article.Obviously this cannot be done by an ordinary cutting operation, for acutting tool proper would sever the coating before severing the basevmetal. I have "found, however, that the desired object may beaccomplished by the use of one or more drawing or pinching tools, whichoperate in fact'by drawing or pinching 0d the sheet, bar, tube or thelike, so that said sheet or other article is reduced in thickness underthe tools to substantially the point of severing before the coating isruptured. In fact the base metal is usually severed before the .Theimportance of so protecting the edges of compound metal articles such ascompound metal ship plates, roofing plates,

coating. By this means the coating covers completely, or nearly comletel the entire thickness of the severed e ge 0 the article, and if athin strata of uncovered base metal remains, a simple smoothin down orburnishing of the edge will comp etely close down the coating over thesevered edge and compact it so as to leave no crevice permitting entryof corrosive gases or liquids and chemical action on the base metalbeneath.

boiler plates and other compound metal ar-- ticles which in ordinary useare exposed to chemical attack, will be seen readily. Ship plates,particularly those of vessels navigating saltwater, are not only exposedto oxidation, but to electro-chemical action'resulting from the presenceof sodium chlorid and other salts in the water; and such electrochemicalaction might be very destructive if. the coating were not drawn over theedges of theplates, so as to prevent the water from reaching the ironbeneath. Similarly, roofing plates are frequently exposed to corrosivefumes, as for example, sulfurous acid fumes and carbonic acid fumes ofcoal smoke, which attacksteel' surfaces rapidly, while havingpractically no effect on copper; and steel b01161-.pl8tBS, and boilertubes, are

exposed to corrosive, pitting and similar destructive actions, which maybe obviated en-- tirely' by employing 1plates coated on all pointssubject to .attac with an impervious coatin of copper. It will beunderstood that e ectro-plated coatifngs'are not im rvious; but coatingsapplied as describe inmy Patents Nos. 851,684 and 853,716 and my saidapplication Sr. No. 281,680 are absolutely impervious. to liquids andgases, even ratus capable of performing the described process areillustrated more or less diagrammatically, and will then point out thenovel features in claims.

In the said drawin :Figure 1 shows'a transverse sectional e evati'on ofone form of apparatus embodying my invention, and Fig. 2 shows a sideview thereof without the traveling carriage for the work; Figs. 3+11 vinclusive illustrate diagrammatically and in section, means andmaterials used in this method of operation, it being understood:

that these views are diagrammatic in their nature and are not intendedto be exact as to form andproportion. Fig. 3-shows a section of acompound metal plate, coated on both sides; Fig. 4 the first stage inthe cutting thereof; Fig. '5 a further stage in the cutting thereof, andFig. 6 the cutslieetwitli' the coating drawn down over the cut edge andcompacted as hereinafter described. Figs. 8, 9 and 10 show in sectionportions of obtundin tools spaced to perform the operations 0 Figs. 4, 5and '6 respectively. Figs. 7 and 11 are views, similar to Figs. 6 and 10respectively, illustrating the action of the alternative form ofapparatus shown in Fig. 12. Fig. 12 shows a side view of a form ofapparatus alternative to that shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings, and. at first to Figs. 1 and'2 thereof, said apparatus comprises a plurality of obtunding rotarytools, 1, 1, 2, 2, and 3, 3, arranged in pairs'and spaced apartdifferent distances, as illustrated- These tools are mounted upon shafts4, 4, the upper shafts mounted in vertically adjustable bearings 5, 5,provided with adjusting screws 6, .6, or equivalent means for adjustingsaid shafts vertically. 'Any one of the said shafts, as

for example the lower shaft of rolls 1, 1, may be provided with adriving wheel 7; and from said lower shaft motion is communicatedthrough gear wheels 8 to the corresponding upper shaft, the design ofthe gearing being such as to permit some vertical movement of the up erroll without throwing the gears out 0 mesh or out of action. The shaftsof each of the other pairs of rolls vsare similarly connected bygearing, and motioniis communicated from one pair-of shafts to anotherby means of intermediate gears 9, shown in dotted lines in Fig. 2,carried by adjustable supports 10 similarly shown. This constructionwill be obvious to those skilled in the art. In many cases, particularlyfor the smaller sizes of machines, no support for the work is necessary,the work being held in the hand while it is passed through the rolls;but I have indicated a support for the work, comprising a sliding table11, arranged adjacent to the rolls or tools 1, 2 and 3.

' In the operation of this apparatus, rolls 1, 2 and 3 will be adjustedprogressively.

closer together. The sheet or other object to be cut first encountersrolls 1, and is grooved thereby, without severing of the coating, asindicatedfin Fig. 4; the sheet next passes between rolls 2 and is stillfurther grooved thereby, still without severing of the coating, asindicated in Fig. 5; and

finally the sheet will pass between rolls 3,

which are still closer together; and by these rolls the sheet willbe'severed, assindicated n Fig. 6. In these successive operations thecoating has been drawn over the edge formed-by the rolls, so that uponthe final severing of the sheet the coating substantially covers saidedge. For many purposes no urther treatment of the edge may benecessary; but in some cases the edge may be left somewhat rough, or itmay be desirable to compact the two layers of coating metal wheretheymeet, and for this urpose I may employ a smoothing or burnis ing orspinning tool, which may consist of a simple revolving disk 12, shown inFig. 2, driven by suitable gearing, and arranged to rotate against thesevered or cut edge of the work, and thereby to press together the metalof the coatings, and by a spinning or burnishing action compact theminto one impervious coating.

. It will be understood that I may use a still greater number of pairsof cutting rolls than indicated in Fig. 2, or a less number as may seemdesirable. It is not necessary in all cases to use a plurality of pairsof rolls and in my application Sr. No. 293,410 above mentioned I haveillustrated an apparatus for cutting ofi' relatively thin sheets ofcompound metal, comprising only a sin gle pair of rolls, which rolls arearranged to draw down the material of the coating over the cut edge, inthe manner above described.

In Figs. 3 to 7 inclusive 13 designates the base metal and 14 thecoating orcoatings.

In Figs. 8, 9, and 10 l have indicated somewhat exaggerated, the sectionof the. As will be seen, these edges of the cutters. edges are V shapedandare quite blunt or round at their apices, so that the tools are innostrict sense cutting tools but rather operate by drawing or pinchingthev metal.

In Fig. 12 I have indicated an apparatus similar to that shown in Figs.1 and 2', ex-- ceptthat the rolls are not arranged in but work incooperation with .the tab support for'the material tobe cut.

It will be obvious that in the case of apparatus for cutting tubin orcurved sheets, the rolls may be arrange about a common center, insteadof ina straight line as indicated inFig. 2.

airs, e or What I claim is 1. Apparatus for cutting compound metal andfor covering over prising an obtundin a blunt cutting the cut edges,comrotar cutter having edge 1n the" p ane of rotation,

. means for driving the same and means for I in the holding the workagainst such cutter.

2. Apparatus for cutting compound metals over the w cut edges,'comprising a pair 0 obtundinig each such cutter having a b unt cuttinedge lane of rotation, such edges 0 each pair 0 cutters arranged incetiperative jux} in the plane of rotation passing a rotary cutters,

coverings on taposition, and means fordriving the cut- 3. Apparatus forcutting compound metals and for covering over the compound edges,comprising a plurality of rotary obtundmg cutters arranged in successionand set to cut deeper depths progressively, each such cutter having ablunt cutting ed e in the plane of rotation, means for hold ing the workagainst such cutters and means for driving said cutters.

4. Apparatus for cutting compound metals and covering over the cut edgescomprising a movable support for the work, a rotary btunding cutterhaving a blunt cutting edge arranged in coiiperative juxtaposition tosaid support and means for driving the cutter.

5. The process of cutting hard metal bodies covered with softer metalsand of covering the cut edges of the hard metal with the softer metalwhich consists in cutting said bodies by a rupturing ressure.

exerted by a rounded or obtunding e ge tool.

6. The process of cutting hard metal bodies covered with softer metalsand of covering the cut edges of the hard metal with the softer metalwhich consists in tween a pair of obtunding cutters engaging said platefrom opposite sides under sufiicient pressure to pinch oif the stifiermetal and flow the softer metal overthe edge are posed thereby.

7. The process of. cutting and protecting the cut edges of hard metalbodies having a covering of softer metal, which consists.

in severing such a covered body without shearing by pinchin or drawindown the thickness of the bar er metal b0 y b pres sure ap lied alongthe line of cut t rough the sea coating until the hard metal tures, andafter it the softer metal, there drawing'down the softer covering metalover the cut edge, and then compacting the soft 'metal so drawn over thecut edge.

- 8. The recess of cutting and protecting the cut edges of hard metalbodies having coverings offsofter metal on opposite sides thereof, whichconsists in severmg such a covered bod without shearing by pinching ordrawing own the thickness of the harder metal bodygby pressure a pliedthrough said coatin on both sides a ong theline of out until t e -fhardmetal ruptures, and after it the softer coverings, thereby drawing downthe softer metal coverings over the cut edge.

9. The rocess of cutting and protecting the cute ges of hard metalbodies having coverings or softer metal onopposite sides thereof, whichconsists in severing such a covered body withoutshearing by pinching ordrawing down the thickness of the harder metal body b pressure appliedthrough said until the hard metal ruptures and after it the softercoverings, thereby drawing down plate of such joined metals bei th sidesa ong the line ofeut the softer metal coverings over the cut edge, ingthe article from the blank at the base and then compacting the softmetal so of the depression. 7 10 drawn over the cut'ed 'e.- In testunonywhereof I afiix my signature 1( The method of orming plated articles"in'the presence of two witnesses. r i

which consists in first pressing in the surface JOHN FERREOL MONNOT.

of an exteriorly plated blank in such mali- Witnesses: v

ner as to draw the plated portion into the J. S. HANNUM, J12,

depression thus formed, and finally separat- W. J. SGHAFFER.

